Chemistry

Chemistry is a component of physical science, which deals with the structure, composition, characteristics and transformation of matter. It is the branch of science about molecules and atoms and their relations and changes, such as, the characteristics the chemical bonds created between atoms to produce chemical compounds. So, chemistry deals with the association of electrons and different structures of energy in oxidation-decrease reactions, changes in phases of matter, photochemical reactions, and partition of mixtures. Preparation and characteristics of complex matter, like alloys, biological molecules, pharmaceutical agents and polymers are measured in dedicated areas of chemistry.

Etymology of chemistry

The term chemistry originates from the term alchemy, a former set of practices that included elements of metallurgy, chemistry, philosophy, astronomy, astrology, medicine and mysticism, and it is generally considered as the mission to change lead or another widespread starting substance into gold. The word Alchemy was in practice around 330, and it deals with the composition of waters, motion, development, exemplifying, disembodying, attracting the spirits from bodies and linking the spirits inside bodies. An alchemist was known as a 'chemist' in popular language, and the suffix "-ry" was later on appended to this to explain the ability of the chemist as "chemistry".

History

Ancient civilizations, like the Babylonians, Egyptians Indians combined practical knowledge about the arts of pottery, metallurgy, and dyes, but they did not develop a methodical theory. A fundamental chemical theory was first appeared in Classical Greece with the hypothesis of four elements as promulgated defined by Aristotle, mentioning that that the air, fire, water and the earth were the basic elements from which the whole thing is formed as a mixture. Greek atomism that dates back to 440 BC was aroused in works by philosophers, like Epicurus and Democritus. During 50 BC, Lucretius, the Roman philosopher, expanded upon the hypothesis in his manuscript, De Rerum Natura. Unlike current ideas of science, Greek atomism was wholly theoretical in nature, with a slight concern for experiential observations and no concern for chemical trials.

Modern chemistry

The quantum mechanical model is the modern model of the atomic structure. Conventional chemistry begins with the learning of basic particles, molecules, atoms, substances, crystals, metals, and other collectives of matter. This subject can be studied in liquid, solid, or gas states, in combination, or in isolation. The reactions, interactions, and changes that are learned in chemistry are generally the consequence of atomic interactions, leading to reorganizations of the chemical bonds that hold atoms jointly. Such performances are learned in a chemistry lab. The chemistry lab stereotypically employs different structures of laboratory glassware. However glassware is not essential to chemistry and a vast deal of experimental chemistry is done devoid of it.

A chemical reaction is a change of a few substances into one or more dissimilar substances. The root of such a chemical change is the reorganization of electrons in the atomic chemical bonds. It can be emblematically portrayed in the course of a chemical equation, which usually entails atoms as matters. The quantity of atoms on the right and the left in the equation for a chemical change is equal.